Environmental Engineering

b. Compare slow sand filters with Rapid sand filters.

e. Activated Carbon treatment.

Write short notes on the following

d. Removal of Taste & odour

Write short notes on the following

c. Iron and Manganese removal

Write short notes on the following

b. Pressure filters

Write short notes on the following

a. Defluoridation

c. Calculate the hardness of given water sample data:

Na²⁺ = 30 mg/L              Cl = -54 mg/L

Ca²⁺ = 20 mg/L             Sr^-= 04 mg/L

Mg^2- = 15 mg/L               Turbidity =50 mg/L

Comment on the result.

b. Explain methods of water softening to remove permanent hardness of water.

a. Explain the environmental significance of hardness in water.

c. Explain the zeolite methods of water softening.

b. Write a note on fluoridation and defluoridation.

a. List the different forms of chlorination and explain any two of them.

c. What is meant by disinfection in water treatment? Give the requirements of an ideal dsinfectant.

a. Explain the need and importance for planned water supply scheme to town.

a. Explain the theory of filtration.

c. Design a circular sedimentation tank to treat 10 MLD of water, given the following data:

              Depth of liquid = 3.5 m               Detention time = 4 hr.

Calculate, also over flow rate. 

b. Explain with a sketch how the optimum coagulation dosage is determined in the laboratory.

a. With the help of a flow diagram, explain briefly the complete sequence of a water treatment plant.

c. Explain various waterborne diseases and their control.

b. Mention the max. permissible limits as per BIS of the following water quality parameters and write the problem caused if the limit is exceeded.

(i) Hardness     (ii) pH           (iii) Fluoride          (iv) Turbidity

a. Explain the different physical, chemical and bacteriological tests conducted on water.

c. Explain with a neat sketch of a reservoir intake.

b. What is an intake structure? What are the factors governing the selection of site for locating an intake. 

a. Enumerate the different surface and subsurface sources of water and compare the quality and quantity and suitability of various sources.

c. The population data of a town are given below:

Estimate the expected population in the year 2050 by Geometric Increase Method. 

b. Define per capita demand and explain various factors that affect the per capita demand.