Applied Chemistry

Q3 (a) What is the difference between Petrol, Kerosene oil & diesel oil. How would you convert Kerosene or Diesel oil to petrol? 

(b) How does a catalyst increase the rate of reaction by affecting the reaction pathway? Will it affect the rate of backward reaction in case of a reversible reaction? Also describe auto catalysis with suitable examples.

Explain the following:

(a) Dry corrosion

Explain the following:

(b) Wet corrosion

Explain the following:

(c) Ideal & non ideal solution

(a) Differentiate the following:-

(i) Chemical fuel and nuclear fuel

 (ii) High temperature and low temperature carbonization

(iii) Fixed and Fluidized bed catalytic cracking..

(iv) Octane and cetane number 

(b) What is sweetening of petrol?

(a) Explain how the calorific value of a fuel can be determined by Bomb's calorimeter with the help of a neat diagram. 

(b) Calculate GCV and NCV of a gaseous fuel from the following data obtained from calorimeter experiment.

Volume of gascous fuel burnt at STP = 0.08m

Temperature of inlet water = 26°C

Temperature of outlet water = 32°C

Weight of water produced by steam Condensation - 0.01 kg.

Late heat of steam = 587 kcal/kg

(a) What is "degree of freedom of a system? Calculate degrees of freedom of the following systems:-

(i) Water (liquid)  water vapour at 1 atm.

(ii)  

(iii) An aqueous solution of glucose

(iv) Pure crystals of CuSO₄.5H₂O 

(b) What are cooling curves?

(a) Explain Langmuir Hinshelwood mechanism of catalysis in detail.

Write short note on:

(e) Smog

(a) Describe the principle and theory of EDTA method for determination of hardness of water

(b) 1g of CaCO₃ was dissolved in dil.HCl and solution dilute to 1 litre. 50 ml of this solution required 42 ml of EDTA solution while 50 ml of sample water required 15 ml of EDTA. On the other hand when 50 ml of boiled water sample titrated against EDTA consumed 9 ml of solution. Calculate total. permanent and temporary hardness of water in ppm. 

Explain the following: -

(a) Carbonate and phosphate conditioning.

(b) Lime soda process

(a) Define the factors affecting the corrosion rate.

(a) Describe the "Electrochemical theory of corrosion".

(b) Write short note on soil corrosion and its control.

Write short note on:

(e) Scale & sludge

(b) How the exhausted ion exchangers are regenerated and give the method of their regeneration.

(b) Draw & explain Boy's Gas Calorimeter.

Q4  (a) A solid fuel coal containing 80% carbon, 10% hydrogen, 2% sulphur, 3% nitrogen, 1%  oxygen and ash 4%, then calculate the high & low calorific value of that solid fuel. 

Q7 (a) Explain the Nernst distribution law.

(b) Explain the soil pollution.

Write short note on:

(a) Reverse Osmosis

Write short note on:

(b) Phosphate conditioning

Write short note on:

(c) Disinfection

Write short note on:

(d) Aeration

Q1 (a) How caustic embitterment occurs and give the chemical reactions involved in it.

(b) Explain the following term:

(i) Cracking 

(b) Explain the following term:

(ii) Octane number

(b) Explain the following term:

(iii) Cetane number

(b) Explain the following term:

(iv) Reforming

Write short note on:

(a) Composting 

Write short note on:

(b) Radioactive waste

Write short note on:

(c) Pollutants

Write short note on:

(d) Acid Rain